Izibuko leWaveguide – itafile yokuthelekisa ubungakanani beflange

Ubudlelwane phakathi kwe- **imilinganiselo yezibuko le-waveguide**, **ubungakanani beflange**, kunye ne-**iibhanti zokuphindaphinda** zibekwe emgangathweni ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana koomatshini kunye nokusebenza kweRF ngokupheleleyo. Apha ngezantsi kukho itafile yokuthelekisa eyenziwe lula kunye nemigaqo ephambili yee-waveguides eziqhelekileyo zoxande kunye neeflange ezihambelana nazo.

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### **Iingcinga ezingundoqo**
1. **Ukutyunjwa kweSikhokelo samaza**:
Izikhokelo zamaza zibhalwe "WR" (Waveguide Rectangular) ilandelwa linani (umz., WR-90). Inani liqikelela **imilinganiselo yodonga olubanzi olungaphakathi** kwikhulu lee-intshi (umzekelo, WR-90 ≈ 0.90" ububanzi bangaphakathi).
- Umzekelo: WR-90 = 0.9" (22.86 mm) ububanzi bangaphakathi.

2. **Iintlobo zeFlange**:
Iiflange zilungelelanisa unxibelelwano phakathi kwamaza. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- ** UG / UPC ** (MIL-STD): I-flange yomkhosi esemgangathweni (umzekelo, i-UG-387 / UPC).
- **CPR ** (Intengiso): Imigangatho yaseYurophu (umz., CPR-137).
- ** I-Choke Flanges **: Ukuvuza okuphantsi, usetyenziso lwamandla aphezulu.
- **Ii-Flange zokugubungela**: Ilula ngakumbi, isetyenziselwa ukutywinwa kwevacuum.

3. **Iibhanti zokuphindaphinda**:
I-waveguide nganye ixhasa uluhlu oluthile lwamaza ngokusekwe kwimilinganiselo yalo.

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### **Itheyibhile yokuthelekisa iWaveguide-to-Flange**
| **Isikhokelo samaza** | **Uluhlu lokuphindaphinda** | **Udidi lweFlange** | **Imilinganiselo yeFlange (Eqhelekileyo)** | **Iinkqubo** |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| **WR-90** | 8.2–12.4 GHz (X-band) | UG-387/UPC (MIL) | Isangqa seBolt: 1.872" (47.5 mm) | Radar, i-satellite Comms. |
| **WR-112** | 7.05–10 GHz (C-band) | UG-595/UPC | Isangqa seBolt: 2.400" (61.0 mm) | Radar, telecom |
| **WR-62** | 12.4–18 GHz (Ku-band) | UG-385/UPC | Isangqa seBolt: 1.250" (31.75 mm) | Isathelayithi, iinkqubo zomkhosi |
| **WR-42** | 18–26.5 GHz (K-band) | UG-383/UPC | Isangqa seBolt: 0.800" (20.3 mm) | Irada ye-frequency ephezulu |
| **WR-28** | 26.5–40 GHz (Ka-band) | UG-599/UPC | Isangqa seBolt: 0.600" (15.2 mm) | 5G, irada yeemoto |
| **WR-15** | 50–75 GHz (V-band) | UG-387Mini/UPC | Isangqa seBolt: 0.400" (10.2 mm) | mmWave, uphando |

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### **Imilinganiselo yeFlange (Eqhelekileyo)**
1. **I-Bolt Circle Diameter (BCD)**: Idayamitha yesangqa esenziwe ngamaziko eebholiti zokuxhoma.
2. **Isithuba semingxuma**: Umgama phakathi kwemingxunya yebholiti (umzekelo, imingxunya emi-4 okanye iipateni ezinemingxuma esi-8).
3. **I-Waveguide Aperture**: Itshatisa imilinganiselo ye-waveguide yangaphakathi.

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### **Ubudlelwane obungundoqo**
1. **Ubungakanani beWaveguide ↔ Ubungakanani beFlange**:
- Amaza amaza amakhulu (amaza asezantsi) asebenzisa iiflange ezinkulu (umz., WR-112 flange> WR-90 flange).
- Amaza amaza amancinci (amaza aphezulu) asebenzisa i-compact flanges (umzekelo, i-WR-28, i-WR-15).

2. **Ukuhambelana kweFlange**:
- Iiflange mazingqinelane **ngoomatshini** (ulungelelwaniso lwemingxuma, BCD) kunye **ngombane** (ukuthintela ukuqhubekeka).
- Ukuxuba iintlobo zeflange (umzekelo, i-UG-387 eneCPR-137) ifuna iiadaptha.

3. **Imigangatho ngokoMmandla**:
- ** i-MIL-STD (UG / UPC) **: Iqhelekileyo kwiinkqubo zokukhusela zase-US.
- ** IEC / CPR **: Iqhelekileyo kwiinkqubo zorhwebo zaseYurophu.

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### **Umzekelo weMigangatho yeFlange**
| **Udidi lweFlange** | **Ukuhambelana kweWaveguide** | **Iimpawu eziphambili** |
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| **UG-387/UPC** | WR-90, WR-62, WR-42 | I-4-hole, i-MIL-STD-392, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi. |
| **UG-599/UPC** | I-WR-28, i-WR-15 | Icwecwe, kwiinkqubo ze-mmWave. |
| **CPR-137** | WR-112, WR-90 | Umgangatho waseYurophu, ipateni ye-8-hole. |
| **Yiminxe iFlange** | Konke | Uyilo olugudisiweyo lokunciphisa ukuvuza. |

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### **Amanqaku**
- Soloko uqinisekisa **imizobo yoomatshini** evela kubavelisi ngemilinganiselo echanekileyo.
- Iiflange ezingahambelaniyo zibangela **iimpedance discontinuities **, ekhokelela ekuthotyweni kweVSWR.
- Kwiinkqubo zokufunxa, sebenzisa **I-O-ring etywiniweyo kwiiflange zokuvala **.

Ndazise ukuba ufuna indibaniselwano ethile ye-waveguide-flange!